Kingdom of Gwynedd (Guynet)

Migration of Northern Europeans to the British Isles during the first millennium,  post-Roman Empire.  Anglo-Saxons, Danes, and Vikings (Wikipedia links used). Wales , first called  Cambria , and Great Britain , known as  Albion . The countries were once divided into many so-called petty Kingdoms . For example,  Rhos and Edeirnion  were before the merging of Gwynedd with other Kingdoms during the 5th century AD. During this period, the Saxon territories in  England  were first established during the settlement of the Anglo-Saxons . They were a religiously Pagan group of tribes from the European North Sea who had invaded the  British Isles  following the departure of the Roman legions after four centuries of controlling the Brittonic people and mining their lands. This was an era when the borders of Wales were once much more than they are today. The territories were further east and north than now within what is to...

Closure of the Welsh Kingdoms reigned by Kings, the end of the Kingdom of Gwynedd (401-1283), the final ruling Kingdom in Wales, and the ending of the Royal House of Aberffraw (Wikipedia articles linked). "It took until 1283, when Edward I conquered Gwynedd, for the last part of Roman Britain to fall. Indeed, a strong case can be made for Gwynedd as the very last part of the entire Roman Empire, east and west, to fall to the barbarians."  Professor Bryan Ward-Perkins . Image courtesy of Wikimedia Commons, attributed to  Fry1989 , four lions passant guardant, the  flag of Gwynedd . The Kingdom of Gwynedd started as a post-Roman defensive border to protect the British Celts from invading Irish and Picts in the 5th century. The Kings of Gwynedd would go on to thrive in society for nearly a millennium. They expanded their borders far from the original kingdom of the northwest of Wales to conquer all of Wales as a territory today, from their family seat of Aberffraw on Angle...